Flexible Sigmoidoscopy

A flexible sigmoidoscopy is a procedure to look at the inside of the left, lower part of your colon (large bowel) using a flexible telescope.

If the endoscopist (the person doing the sigmoidoscopy) finds a problem, they can perform biopsies (removing small pieces of tissue) to help make the diagnosis.

Sometimes a polyp (small growth) is the cause of the problem and the endoscopist may be able to remove it during the procedure.

Other options include a barium enema (an x-ray test of your large bowel) or a CT colography (a scan of your large bowel).

A flexible sigmoidoscopy usually takes 15 to 20 minutes.

You will not usually need a sedative. However, if the endoscopist recommends that you have a sedative, they will give it to you through a small needle in your arm or the back of your hand.

The endoscopist will place a flexible telescope into your back passage. Air will be blown into your large bowel to help the endoscopist have a clear view.
The endoscopist will be able to look for problems such as inflammation or polyps. They will be able to perform biopsies and take photographs to help make the diagnosis.

If you were given a sedative, you will first be transferred to the recovery area where you can rest and have a drink. You will usually recover in about an hour but this depends on how much sedative you were given. You may feel a bit bloated for a few hours but this will pass.

You should be able to return to work the next day unless you are told otherwise.

The healthcare team will tell you what was found during the flexible sigmoidoscopy and discuss with you any treatment or follow-up you need.

Regular exercise should improve your long-term health. Before you start exercising, ask the healthcare team or your GP for advice.

Some complications can be serious and can even cause death.

• Breathing difficulties or heart irregularities
• Rarely, a heart attack or stroke can happen if you have serious medical problems
• Allergic reaction
• Infection
• Making a hole in your colon
• Bleeding from a biopsy site or from minor damage caused by the telescope
• Bleeding, if a polyp is removed
• Missed polyp
• Incomplete procedure